Postmortem magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain can be an important addition to a conventional forensic autopsy. Own investigations with respect to pediatric head trauma revealed an agreement between forensic neuropathological examination and MRI of 80%. There was a high sensitivity for MRI in detecting intracranial and intracerebral hemorrhages and the position of catheters but MRI failed in the reliable detection of signs of increased brain pressure. However, neuroradiologists should have basic forensic training and should be familiar with the phenomenon of postmortem artifacts. In conclusion, postmortem MRI may serve as an important tool in forensic neuropathology although it cannot replace a thorough macroscopical and histological examination.