The exceptional electromechanical attributes of graphene have led to its usage in pure and composite forms for different kinds of biomedical and industrial applications. Among the various physiochemical allotropes of graphene employed to form flexible sensors, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) has been preferred due to the easier process of fabrication and an ability to disperse uniformly in water and other organic solvents. This paper reports some of the significant work done on the use of rGO/polymer-based composites for strain-sensing applications. A classification has been implemented in terms of nature, the polymers being integrated with rGO to form the resultant sensors. The use of two types of polymers, including polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), have been shown in this paper. PDMS and TPU have been largely employed to form wearable sensors due to the mechanical advantages imparted by them. These polymers have either been used as substrates or as polymer matrices to mix with rGO and other nanomaterials at optimized ratios. Some of the existing challenges and the possible remedial solutions of the current rGO/PDMS-based strain sensors have been showcased here.