Recognizing visual speech: Reduced responses in visual-movement regions, but not other speech regions in autism

Publikation: Beitrag in FachzeitschriftForschungsartikelBeigetragenBegutachtung

Beitragende

  • Kamila Borowiak - , Max-Planck-Institut für Kognitions- und Neurowissenschaften, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (Autor:in)
  • Stefanie Schelinski - , Max-Planck-Institut für Kognitions- und Neurowissenschaften (Autor:in)
  • Katharina von Kriegstein - , Max-Planck-Institut für Kognitions- und Neurowissenschaften (Autor:in)

Abstract

Speech information inherent in face movements is important for understanding what is said in face-to-face communication. Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have difficulties in extracting speech information from face movements, a process called visual-speech recognition. Currently, it is unknown what dysfunctional brain regions or networks underlie the visual-speech recognition deficit in ASD. We conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study with concurrent eye tracking to investigate visual-speech recognition in adults diagnosed with high-functioning autism and pairwise matched typically developed controls. Compared to the control group (n = 17), the ASD group (n = 17) showed decreased Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) response during visual-speech recognition in the right visual area 5 (V5/MT) and left temporal visual speech area (TVSA) - brain regions implicated in visual-movement perception. The right V5/MT showed positive correlation with visual-speech task performance in the ASD group, but not in the control group. Psychophysiological interaction analysis (PPI) revealed that functional connectivity between the left TVSA and the bilateral V5/MT and between the right V5/MT and the left IFG was lower in the ASD than in the control group. In contrast, responses in other speech-motor regions and their connectivity were on the neurotypical level. Reduced responses and network connectivity of the visual-movement regions in conjunction with intact speech-related mechanisms indicate that perceptual mechanisms might be at the core of the visual-speech recognition deficit in ASD. Communication deficits in ASD might at least partly stem from atypical sensory processing and not higher-order cognitive processing of socially relevant information.

Details

OriginalspracheEnglisch
Seiten (von - bis)1078-1091
Seitenumfang14
FachzeitschriftNeuroImage. Clinical
Jahrgang20
PublikationsstatusVeröffentlicht - 2018
Peer-Review-StatusJa
Extern publiziertJa

Externe IDs

PubMedCentral PMC6202694
Scopus 85055293045
ORCID /0000-0001-7989-5860/work/142244381

Schlagworte

Schlagwörter

  • Adult, Autism Spectrum Disorder/pathology, Autistic Disorder/pathology, Brain/pathology, Brain Mapping/methods, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods, Male, Middle Aged, Motion Perception/physiology, Recognition, Psychology/physiology, Speech/physiology, Visual Perception/physiology, Young Adult