Anxiety, obsessive-complusive and trauma-associated disorders are widespread and first onset can be located already in adolescence and young adulthood. Hence, a considerable number of women suffer from anxiety and related disorders not only prior to conception but also throughout the transition into parenthood. The detection of these disorders is complicated by the overlap of somatic and anxiety symptoms. Additionally, some anxiety syndromes are specifically exacerbated during pregnancy or child birth (e.g., tocophobia, traumatic birth experiences). We summarize findings on prevalence, course and treatment of the most prominent anxiety disorders and highlight the symptoms that make an adequate diagnosis during pregnancy and postpartum difficult. We also depict comorbid conditions and delineate options for referral and intervention.