Neuroimaging can provide insight into the neural processes underlying disordered eating and eating disorders. Structural neuroimaging methods, including magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging, have identified alterations in gray and white matter volume in anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder. Functional neuroimaging using magnetic resonance imaging has revealed resting alterations in networks implicated in cognitive, reward, and sensory integration processes, as well as abnormal responding to disorder-specific (e.g., food and body image) and more general mechanistic (e.g., reward, control, emotion, and interpersonal) cues and paradigms across eating disorder diagnoses. Other neuroimaging methods such as positron-emission tomography and single photon emission computed tomography have identified abnormalities in neurotransmitter receptor density and release, as well as patterns of cerebral blood flow, among individuals with eating disorders. Research suggests that many of the structural and abnormalities identified in the acute stages of an eating disorder resolve with normalization of weight and eating. However, currently the most definitive evidence of the reversibility of neural effects from disorder eating are derived from the structural imaging literature in anorexia nervosa, and more research is needed on other recovery-related neural outcomes. Although the existing neuroimaging research provides a solid foundation for understanding the neural mechanisms of eating disorders, future research with more rigorous study designs, larger samples, and preregistration is needed to confirm the replicability of these initial findings. Additionally, novel neuroimaging investigations are warranted in disorders that have been traditionally under-investigated in this area of research (e.g., binge eating disorder; avoidant-restrictive food intake disorder), as well as with subclinical populations, to better understand the neurobiology of the full range of eating disorders.