The growing penetration of inverter-based generation in modern power grids poses significant challenges to grid stability and the reliability of conventional protection systems. When encountering grid faults, power converters behave significantly differently from synchronous generators. As a result, studying the interaction between conventional grid protection technologies and power electronic converters is of great interest. However, comprehensive laboratory setups that allow for detailed experimental studies remain scarce. This study introduces a unique experimental setup designed to comprehensively investigate the behavior of converter-dominated power systems under fault conditions. The setup integrates freely configurable laboratory converters into a power grid model, which includes scaled replicas of overhead transmission lines and commercially available protection and control devices. This integrated approach enables the simultaneous examination of converter control, transmission line physics, and protection device behavior in a controlled laboratory environment. Experimental results highlight challenges in fault detection and fault current behavior. However, they also demonstrate that selective fault clearing remains possible with conventional protection schemes, provided that grid-forming converters maintain grid connection and effectively limit fault current.