BACKGROUND. New concepts for the immunotherapy of prostate carcinoma (PCa) largely depend on the identification of suitable target antigens that are present in a high percentage of prostate tumors. Their expression in normal tissues should be restricted to the prostate and they should be immunogenic in vivo. The number of antigens displaying these properties is still limited. Here, we identify for the first time an immunogenic peptide derived from the prostate-specific protein transient receptor potential-p8 (trp-p8) that is recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) from PCa patients. METHODS. To determine the abundance of trp-p8 in prostate tumors, the expression level of trp-p8 mRNA was quantitatively analyzed in a panel of prostate cancer tissues. Trp-p8-derived human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*0201-restricted peptides were selected and tested for the in vitro activation of CTLs when loaded on autologous dendritic cells (DCs). RESULTS. Trp-p8 mRNA was found to be expressed in all prostate tumors and in the corresponding normal prostate tissue. Of five selected trp-p8-derived peptides, only peptide GLMKYIGEV was shown to activate specific CTLs, which effectively lysed PCa cells confirming the endogenous generation and presentation of this peptide by tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS. Our results suggest this antigen as a suitable target for the T-cell-based immunotherapy of PCa.