Five decades of the use of botulinum toxin in ophthalmology

Publikation: Beitrag in FachzeitschriftÜbersichtsartikel (Review)BeigetragenBegutachtung

Beitragende

Abstract

Botulinum toxin (BoNT) has been known for over 50 years. It has conquered many areas of medicine and has become indispensable in contemporary medicine. Now, BoNT is used to treat at least 26 conditions in six medical specialties. Although the use of BoNT began in strabology, it became the gold standard for many ophthalmologic pathologies. The present review of the literature focuses on the use of BoNT in ophthalmology and treatment of the following conditions: blepharospasm, facial hemispasm, facial palsy, spastic entropion, strabismus, endocrine orbitopathy, convergence spasm, and facial trauma. We conclude that nearly half a century of experience in utilizing BoNT in ophthalmology ensured a satisfactory level of effectiveness and safety for patients with many pathologies. Areas of future research include the application of BoNT in new selected indications, the development of the route of application without injections, and the development of long-acting BoNT forms for patients who require repeated long-term treatment.

Details

OriginalspracheEnglisch
Seiten (von - bis)789-795
Seitenumfang7
FachzeitschriftIndian Journal of Ophthalmology
Jahrgang72
Ausgabenummer6
PublikationsstatusVeröffentlicht - Juni 2024
Peer-Review-StatusJa

Externe IDs

PubMed 38317306

Schlagworte

ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete

Schlagwörter

  • Blepharospasm, botulinum toxin, endocrine orbitopathy, ptosis, spastic entropion, strabismus