Purpose: ErbB1-dependent Akt phosphorylation improves post-irradiation cellular survival. In the present study, we investigated the contribution of erbB2 as a heterodimerization partner of erbB1 in activation of Akt survival signaling after irradiation or EGF treatment. Materials and methods: Pattern of receptor dimerization and protein phosphorylation were investigated by Western and immunoblotting as well as immunoprecipitation techniques. Residual DNA double-strand breaks (DNA-DSB) and clonogenic activity were analyzed by γH2AX and standard clonogenic assay. To knocked erbB2 expression siRNA was used. Results: In lung carcinoma cell lines A549 and H661, the erbB1-tyrosine kinase (TK) inhibitor erlotinib blocked EGF as well as ionizing radiation (IR)-induced Akt and DNA-PKcs phosphorylation. Targeting Akt and erbB1 induced cellular radiation sensitivity while, the erbB2-TK inhibitor AG825 neither affected phosphorylation of Akt and DNA-PKcs nor induced radiosensitization. ErbB2-siRNA and the anti-erbB2 antibody trastuzumab blocked IR-induced, but not EGF-stimulated Akt phosphorylation and impaired the repair of DNA-DSB. Likewise, IR but not EGF enhanced erbB1/erbB2 heterodimerization and resulted in the release of phosphorylated erbB2 cleavage products p135 and p95. Trastuzumab prevented radiation-induced formation of an active erbB1/erbB2 heterodimer and increased cellular radiation sensitivity. ErbB1- but not erbB2-TK inhibition stabilized erbB2 (p185) through preventing its cleavage. Conclusions: The data indicates that ErbB2 through heterodimerization with erbB1 is necessary for the activation of Akt signaling following irradiation but not following EGF treatment.