This article describes the features of psychological and sociomedical care of families with preterm and sick newborn infants in form and content. Bonding and attachment are defined as central concepts and the underlying mechanisms are explained with respect to the care process. The care process itself aims at the avoidance of problems and stress disorders of the parents arising from perinatal adaptation and at improvement particularly of the neurological development of the infant as well as the long-term sustainability of medical treatment. The entire care process is described, covering different challenges of preterm birth from high-risk pregnancy through hospital treatment up to the discharge of the infant and the family. The methods and content of treatment are explained with respect to the different care process steps to give support to families ranging from adequate counseling up to accompanying the family.