Distinct personality profiles associated with disease risk and diagnostic status in eating disorders

Publikation: Beitrag in FachzeitschriftForschungsartikelBeigetragenBegutachtung

Beitragende

  • Zuo Zhang - , King's College London (KCL) (Autor:in)
  • Lauren Robinson - , King's College London (KCL) (Autor:in)
  • Iain Campbell - , King's College London (KCL) (Autor:in)
  • Madeleine Irish - , King's College London (KCL) (Autor:in)
  • Marina Bobou - , King's College London (KCL) (Autor:in)
  • Jeanne Winterer - , Berliner Institut für Gesundheitsforschung in der Charité, Freie Universität (FU) Berlin (Autor:in)
  • Yuning Zhang - , University of Southampton (Autor:in)
  • Sinead King - , King's College London (KCL), University of Galway, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (Autor:in)
  • Nilakshi Vaidya - , Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin (Autor:in)
  • M. John Broulidakis - , University of Southampton, Northeastern University (Autor:in)
  • Betteke Maria van Noort - , MSB Medical School Berlin - Hochschule für Gesundheit und Medizin (Autor:in)
  • Argyris Stringaris - , University College London (Autor:in)
  • Tobias Banaschewski - , Universität Heidelberg (Autor:in)
  • Arun L.W. Bokde - , Trinity College Dublin (Autor:in)
  • Rüdiger Brühl - , Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (Autor:in)
  • Juliane H. Fröhner - , Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie (Autor:in)
  • Antoine Grigis - , Université Paris-Saclay (Autor:in)
  • Hugh Garavan - , University of Vermont (Autor:in)
  • Penny Gowland - , University of Nottingham (Autor:in)
  • Andreas Heinz - , Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin (Autor:in)
  • Sarah Hohmann - , Universität Heidelberg (Autor:in)
  • Jean Luc Martinot - , Université Paris-Saclay (Autor:in)
  • Marie Laure Paillère Martinot - , École normale supérieure Paris-Saclay (Autor:in)
  • Frauke Nees - , Universität Heidelberg, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel (Autor:in)
  • Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos - , Université Paris-Saclay (Autor:in)
  • Tomáš Paus - , University of Montreal, University of Toronto (Autor:in)
  • Luise Poustka - , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen (Autor:in)
  • Julia Sinclair - , University of Southampton (Autor:in)
  • Michael N. Smolka - , Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie (Autor:in)
  • Henrik Walter - , Berliner Institut für Gesundheitsforschung in der Charité (Autor:in)
  • Robert Whelan - , Trinity College Dublin (Autor:in)
  • Gunter Schumann - , Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Fudan University (Autor:in)
  • Ulrike Schmidt - , King's College London (KCL), South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (Autor:in)
  • Sylvane Desrivières - , King's College London (KCL) (Autor:in)

Abstract

Background: Personality traits have been associated with eating disorders (EDs) and comorbidities. However, it is unclear which personality profiles are premorbid risk rather than diagnostic markers. Methods: We explored associations between personality and ED-related mental health symptoms using canonical correlation analyses. We investigated personality risk profiles in a longitudinal sample, associating personality at age 14 with onset of mental health symptoms at ages 16 or 19. Diagnostic markers were identified in a sample of young adults with anorexia nervosa (AN, n = 58) or bulimia nervosa (BN, n = 63) and healthy controls (n = 47). Results: Two significant premorbid risk profiles were identified, successively explaining 7.93 % and 5.60 % of shared variance (Rc2). The first combined neuroticism (canonical loading, rs = 0.68), openness (rs = 0.32), impulsivity (rs = 0.29), and conscientiousness (rs = 0.27), with future onset of anxiety symptoms (rs = 0.87) and dieting (rs = 0.58). The other, combined lower agreeableness (rs = −0.60) and lower anxiety sensitivity (rs = −0.47), with future deliberate self-harm (rs = 0.76) and purging (rs = 0.55). Personality profiles associated with “core psychopathology” in both AN (Rc2 = 80.56 %) and BN diagnoses (Rc2 = 64.38 %) comprised hopelessness (rs = 0.95, 0.87) and neuroticism (rs = 0.93, 0.94). For BN, this profile also included impulsivity (rs = 0.60). Additionally, extraversion (rs = 0.41) was associated with lower depressive risk in BN. Limitations: The samples were not ethnically diverse. The clinical cohort included only females. There was non-random attrition in the longitudinal sample. Conclusions: The results suggest neuroticism and impulsivity as risk and diagnostic markers for EDs, with neuroticism and hopelessness as shared diagnostic markers. They may inform the design of more personalised prevention and intervention strategies.

Details

OriginalspracheEnglisch
Seiten (von - bis)146-155
Seitenumfang10
FachzeitschriftJournal of Affective Disorders
Jahrgang360
PublikationsstatusVeröffentlicht - 1 Sept. 2024
Peer-Review-StatusJa

Externe IDs

PubMed 38810783
ORCID /0000-0001-5398-5569/work/161890802
ORCID /0000-0002-8493-6396/work/161891674

Schlagworte

Schlagwörter

  • Comorbidity, Diagnostic marker, Eating disorders, Personality, Risk factor, Neuroticism, Impulsive Behavior, Anxiety Disorders/psychology, Bulimia Nervosa/psychology, Humans, Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology, Risk Factors, Male, Anorexia Nervosa/psychology, Young Adult, Adolescent, Female, Adult, Anxiety/psychology, Longitudinal Studies