A wide variety of nontraumatic pathologies can result in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Primary causes such as arterial hypertension or cerebral amyloid angiopathy can be differentiated from secondary pathologies, such as neoplasms, arterio-venous malformations, coagulopathies, hemorrhagic ischemic strokes, and cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis. Here, the authors first provide some general information on epidemiology, clinical presentation, and imaging appearance of ICHs followed by a detailed discussion of the different underlying pathologic entities and their imaging presentation.