The project IWAS-ÀGUA DF focuses on creating the scientific base for an IWRM concept for the Brasília region. A focus of the study is the dynamic land-use/land-cover change which has caused severe impacts on water resources, while effects of climate change during the last three decades are thought to be rather moderate. Effects on water quantity are most distinct during base flow conditions. Areas with substantial expansion of agriculture, i.e. mostly cropland, show a drastic decrease of base flow discharge. We assume two processes to be responsible, higher evapotranspiration of crops and an increasing extraction of water from groundwater and surface water mostly for irrigation purposes. A similar effect of urbanization on runoffwas observed only for one river basin. However, we found urban areas have a negative impact on water quality. This is especially true for COD, NH4 +, and turbidity. In the future, we assume also emerging pollutants, i. e. organic (micro)pollutants to play a major role. Results of our study will be a first contribution to an IRWM concept for the Brasília region and might help to maintain high standards in water supply for the region.