Acute alcohol does not impair attentional inhibition as measured with Stroop interference scores but impairs Stroop performance

Publikation: Beitrag in FachzeitschriftForschungsartikelBeigetragenBegutachtung

Beitragende

Abstract

Rationale: Inhibition is a core executive function and refers to the ability to deliberately suppress attention, behavior, thoughts, and/or emotions and instead act in a specific manner. While acute alcohol exposure has been shown to impair response inhibition in the stop-signal and Go/NoGo tasks, reported alcohol effects on attentional inhibition in the Stroop task are inconsistent. Notably, studies have operationalized attentional inhibition variably and there has been intra- and inter-individual variability in alcohol exposure. Objective: This study aimed to examine the acute effects of alcohol on attentional inhibition, considering previous limitations. Methods: In a single-blind, cross-over design, 40 non-dependent participants with a medium-to-high risk drinking behavior performed a Counting Stroop task (CST) under a baseline and an arterial blood alcohol concentration (aBAC) clamp at 80 mg%. Attentional inhibition was assessed as the alteration of reaction times (RT), error rates (ER), and inverse efficiency scores (IES) between incongruent and congruent trials (interference score). Stroop performance was also assessed regardless of trial-type. Results: Compared to saline, acute alcohol exposure via an aBAC clamp did not affect CST interference scores but increased RTs and IES in both incongruent and congruent trials. Conclusions: Attentional inhibition (Stroop interference score) was not impaired by clamped moderate alcohol exposure. Acute alcohol impaired Stroop performance evidenced by a general increase in response times. Our findings suggest that response and attentional inhibition do not share the same neurocognitive mechanisms and are affected differently by alcohol. Results could also be explained by automated behaviors known to be relatively unaffected by acute alcohol.

Details

OriginalspracheEnglisch
Seiten (von - bis)1593-1607
Seitenumfang15
FachzeitschriftPsychopharmacology
Jahrgang238
Ausgabenummer6
PublikationsstatusVeröffentlicht - Juni 2021
Peer-Review-StatusJa

Externe IDs

PubMed 33660080
ORCID /0000-0001-9298-2125/work/143782804
ORCID /0000-0003-4163-9014/work/143783438
ORCID /0000-0001-5398-5569/work/150329495

Schlagworte

ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete

Schlagwörter

  • Acute alcohol exposure, Alcohol clamp method, Interference control, Response inhibition, Stroop task