A 3D Network of Nanochannels for Possible Ion and Molecule Transit in Mineralizing Bone and Cartilage

Publikation: Beitrag in FachzeitschriftForschungsartikelBeigetragenBegutachtung

Beitragende

Abstract

During crucial growth stages of vertebrate long bones, calcified cartilage beneath the growth plate is anchored to bone by a third mineralized component, the cement line. Proper skeletal development is contingent on the interplay of these three constituents, yet their mineralization processes and structural interactions are incompletely understood, in part from limited knowledge of their meso- and nanoscale features. Herein, focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) with serial surface imaging is applied to examine the cartilage–bone interface of mouse femoral heads at an unprecedented scale: FIB-SEM provides 3D, nanometer resolution of structural details for volumes encompassing metaphyseal calcified cartilage, bone, and the intervening cement line. A novel and complex structural network is revealed, comprising densely packed nanochannels smaller than bone canaliculi (≈10–50 nm diameter) within the calcified cartilage and bone extracellular matrices, but absent in the cement line. A structural correlation is demonstrated between the nanochannels and ellipsoidal mineral domains, which appear to coalesce during mineralization in a process analogous to powder sintering in metallurgy. A mineralization process is proposed, supported by energy-dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy of nanochannel contents, in which these unreported structures offer ion and molecule conduits to access the extracellular matrices of calcified cartilage and bone.

Details

OriginalspracheEnglisch
Aufsatznummer2100162
Seitenumfang16
FachzeitschriftAdvanced nanoBiomed research
Jahrgang2
Ausgabenummer8
PublikationsstatusVeröffentlicht - 28 Apr. 2022
Peer-Review-StatusJa

Externe IDs

WOS 000789462200001
Scopus 85134543500

Schlagworte

Schlagwörter

  • bone, calcified cartilage, focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM), mineralization, nanochannels