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The aim of the paper was to analyze how victimhood was constructed in both countries, whether and how competition between different groups of victims of state socialism was created, what form the struggle for victimhood took and what role the victim organizations played in it. The paper also analysed te extent to which victim organizations have been successful and unsuccessful in promoting their view of victimhood. Last but not least, the goal of this paper was to study whether the same processes of construction of victimhood took place in both countries and I will clarify the factors and reasons for different developments.