A study was conducted to investigate the impact of local material behavior and global structural behavior on the load-bearing behavior of concrete structures. Experimental tests were carried out using the Split-Hopkinson-Bar to investigate the material behavior of high-performance lightweight concrete under impact. The concrete specimen was placed between two 3 m long, horizontal aluminum bars in this arrangement. The impactor hit the input bar at velocities between 10 m/s and 20 m/s, creating a shock wave that led to strain rates from 50 I/s to 150 I/s in the concrete specimen. This wave was reflected at the unrestrained end of the output bar and travels along the reverse path as a tension or relief wave. The measured values were used to derive the dynamic characteristics of the concrete where the compressive strength values of the tested high-performance lightweight concrete showed a dynamic increase factor (DIF) between 1.5 and 3.