Background. Based on the declining birth rates in Germany, one might assume that there are a growing number of people who would like to have children but are unable to. However, studies conducted over the past few years have shown that in fact the number of people who choose not to have children is on in the rise.Methods. This report gives an overview of the current demographic situation and presents the results of a longitudinal study.Results. Starting a family is a relatively stabile objective in life. However, only a minority of respondents currently wanted to have a child, while two thirds did not wish to have one at present. Women have children earlier than men. The ideal number of children is generally higher than the actual number. Pregnancies are often planned, but they are not always realised.Conclusions. Since a large number of individuals and couples in Germany postpone the realisation of their desire to have a child, it can be assumed that this voluntary childlessness may result in involuntary childlessness. Education about fertility as a valuable resource should thus be promoted.