A substantial part of our contemporary everyday life relies on embedded technologies to make tasks easier, to solve complex problems, and to go beyond human limits. Trust research has gained relevance for improving and expanding our understanding of human interaction with various kinds of technical systems (e.g., text generators based on artificial intelligence, automated driving systems, social robots). It is an open question how theories, methods, and findings from the area of interpersonal trust can be transferred to the situation in which technology becomes a trustee. Some suggest that we rely only on the functionality, utility, and accuracy of non-human others. However, does this hold as technologies become increasingly social, in the sense that they have human-like characteristics (as in social robotics and artificial intelligence) or even enable human-to-human interaction (as in telecommunication and telepresence)? This special issue brings together interdisciplinary empirical and theoretical work to examine how trust in technology is formed, calibrated, and expressed, and how it shapes behavior, reliance, and social consequences across domains such as education, healthcare, work, and media. We highlight both shared mechanisms and critical distinctions between interpersonal and human–technology trust, and identify key conceptual, methodological, and ethical challenges for future research.