The chapter narratively reviews the literature on economic and social outcomes of diversity from the disciplinary viewpoint of economics and management, spanning the last 30 years based on a database search followed by a bibliometric co-occurrence analysis and a focused analysis of selected research fields. The analysis is not confined to the individual or workgroup level but extends to collective outcomes on the level of the economy. The focus is on European countries, in particular, Germany, but in those cases in which research on countries around the world is more advanced, these global studies are analysed and the transferability to the European and German context is discussed. A plea is made for more multi-level and relational approaches to capturing the mechanisms through which the different types of diversity translate into economic and social outcomes.